Integrity of a VIN – The Key to Identifying a Vehicle & Preserving Your Investment
If the VIN or serial number on your vehicle, or the vehicle which you are buying or selling, has been removed and reinstalled on the car or has been tampered with or altered in any way you could face some serious consequences. These consequences could include criminal prosecution, fines and jail time. On the civil side of the law the monetary damages could be staggering.
Do you know what you are looking for when you look at VIN?
Many individuals, car dealers and collector car auctions have offered vehicles for sale that have VINs that have been tampered with in some fashion. Surprisingly, it is really not that uncommon! Knowledge, on your part, is the key to avoiding such a situation.
For the purpose of this article I am going to refer to all vehicle indemnification numbers as VINs. I recognize that the older vehicles referred to these numbers as serial numbers and some vehicles are registered by engine numbers, body numbers or chassis numbers but for the purpose of this article I will collectively refer to all of these numbers as VINs.
When the manufacturer assigns a VIN to a car or truck it is affixed in a specific fashion and by law (both state and federal) cannot be removed, altered, tampered with or obliterated except for very specific times when it is necessary for the repair of the vehicle.
When you are looking to buy a classic car, vintage or antique car or truck check the VIN tag to ensure that it is present and matches the make and model year of the vehicle you are looking to purchase. Just this past week I ran across two GMC pickup trucks offered for sale with Chevrolet VIN tags! In other words if you are looking at a GMC and the VIN says Chevrolet, that is a major clue something is amiss.
Also this past month I found a Chevrolet pickup truck for sale which purports to be a 1966 with a 1963 VIN tag! There are many sources to decode VIN numbers easily availible through your favorite search engine. These sources are your friend.
Once you have confirmed that the VIN is of the proper type for the year and model that is only the first step. Next look at the patina on the tag, is it consistent with the condition and age of the vehicle that you are looking at? Is the VIN tag affixed to the vehicle with the proper rivet, screws, spot welds, etc.?
I don’t recall knowing of any instances were metal VIN tags were glued on from the factory. There should be something visibly affixing the tag to the vehicle.
If you spot a vehicle with a VIN tag affixed in a non-authentic or questionable manner, stop immediately and contact Bryan W. Shook and Vintage Car Law® for assistance. Likewise, if the font, aspect ratio or the characters themselves do not look proper contact Bryan Shook for a quick opinion.
If you bought a vehicle that has a VIN that has been tampered with or removed at one point you should contact Bryan W. Shook for an opinion and to assess your options. The last thing you want to do is be stuck with a hot potato or worse yet the subject of a criminal investigation for possession (or offering for sale) of a vehicle with a tampered/altered VIN. Even if the seller did not know of the VIN issue this may not be an excuse or defense. Contact Bryan W. Shook for more information.
For popular American cars and trucks through 1972 here is a listing of how the VIN should be affixed. This list is not meant to be comprehensive or complete just illustrative and helpful.
Chevrolet (not including trucks)
1953 – 1959 Corvette – Pan Head Phillips Screws
Early-1960 Corvette – Pan Head Phillips Screws
Late-1960 – 1964 Corvette – Spot Welds
1965 (Very EARLY) Corvette – Pop Rivets
1965 Corvette -1972 Corvette – Rosette Rivets
1951-1964 Chevrolet (not Corvette) – Spot Welded (never RIVETS OR SCREWS)
1965 (Very EARLY) Chevrolet – Pop Rivets
1965 – 1972 Chevrolet – Rosette Rivets
Ford (not including trucks)
Model A through 1967 Ford – Stamped directly into Frame or Body of Vehicle (starting in 1940s there is a body plate affixed to the body or door of the vehicle that bears the VIN but this number must always be checked against the frame stamping/body stamping). Look for a star at the beginning and end of the stamped number.
1968 Ford (earliest production 1968 model year Fords may not have had publicly viewable VINs in the windshield) – (screws – very rare), small diameter head pop rivets or rosette rivets depending upon the assembly plant
1969 Ford – Standard pop rivets or rosette rivets depending upon the assembly plant and time of production
1970-ON – Rosette Rivets (note for 1968-1970 VINs the rivets are not usually visible)
Chrysler, Dodge Plymouth (MOPAR) (not including trucks)
1931 – 1940s – Flat Head rivet
1950s – 1965 – Spot Welded
1966-1972 – Rosette Rivets
Trucks
Chevrolet/GMC Trucks (NOT El Camino)
1940 – early 1950s – Clutch head screws
Early 1950s – 1953 – Expanding Rivets (very large center hole)
1954-1964 – Spot Welds
1965 (Very EARLY) – Standard Pop Rivets
1965 (late) – ON – Rosette Rivets (NEVER standard rivets)
Ford, Mercury Trucks (NOT Ranchero)
Late 1940s – ON – Warranty Plate riveted (usually with expanding rivets (very large center hole)) to Body – Serial Number/VIN stamped into frame rail as found on other Ford products.
Dodge, Plymouth, Fargo Trucks
1940s – 1950s – Straight head screws
1960s – ON – Rivets (Must confirm Frame VIN matches)
If you think there is something fishy with your vehicle’s serial or VIN number contact Bryan W. Shook for an opinion. Also, if you come across a vehicle with a known tampered VIN please let us know so that we can be aware of it for the future and to prevent future acts of misrepresentation and fraud.
As I wrote in prior article concerning fake and fraudulently made certificates of title; these types of problems concerning VINS and titles are very concerning because you may have purchased a car with a nefarious title history. Worse yet, you may not even “own” the car you think you purchased. I have even been involved in cases where multiple cars/trucks share the same VIN in different states/countries!!!
How can you help to protect yourself and have confidence in what you are already own or are buying? Order a Motor Study®! Vintage Car Law® is proud to offer this one of a kind forensic vehicle title abstract and provenance confirmation service. For more than a decade Bryan W. Shook, Esquire and Vintage Car Law® have established themselves as the leader in vehicle research. This experience is now available to the public in the form of Motor Study®. Call now – 717-884-9010.
Judge Rules that disgruntled ex-wife can sell husband’s rare 1968 Camaro
Pottsville, Pennsylvania – Vintage Car Law and Bryan W. Shook, Esquire where recently successful in defending and proving the title to a rare 1968 Chevrolet Camaro Rally Sport. Bryan W. Shook, Esquire acted as lead trial counsel to the buyer of the rare 1968 Camaro. The buyer purchased the Camaro from the ex-wife of the last titled owner. When the husband found out his Camaro had been sold he sought to get the car back. Attorney Shook petitioned the Court of Common Pleas of Schuylkill County for an order declaring that his client was the sole lawful owner of the Camaro and to extinguish any claim the husband may have to the car. The court ruled that the wife had the power to sell the car even though she did not have the Certificate of Title in her name. The Court’s Opinion can be found here – Judge Rules that disgruntled ex-wife can sell husband’s 1968 Camaro.
Bryan W. Shook, Esquire is the principal of Vintage Car Law Attorney Bryan Shook has helped hundreds of Pennsylvania residents properly title their antique and collector cars through petitioning the Courts. If you would like information on how Attorney Shook can help you get a title to your antique or collector car please email him at bshook@shooklegal.com.
Importance of Choosing The Right Restoration Shop
Recently we were reminded, by an Ohio Court of Appeals, of the importance of selecting the proper restoration shop when it comes time to have repairs made to your classic car. The case reminded us that restoration facilities are not always as they seem and not all are ethical, forthright and honest in their practices and actions.
The case of State of Ohio v. Keith Shellhouse, 2014-Ohio-1823 which was decided on April 23, 2014 is very illustrative of the need to vet the restoration shop you are considering before dropping off your car, parts and most importantly, money. In the aforementioned case, Keith Shellhouse owner of Independent Autobody and Pro Restorations in Richland County, Ohio, was found guilty by a jury and the Court of Appeals affirmed the jury’s verdict. The case reports that in one instance a 1967 Ford Mustang was brought to Shellhouse’s restoration shop in Richland County, Ohio for repair. Mr. Shellhouse, it was alleged, then sold the vehicle without the owner’s authorization to do so. Mr. Shellhouse sent notice of the sale to an address in Michigan when he knew that the owner resided in Florida. The appellate court also noted that multiple witnesses testified as to Mr. Shellhouses’s pattern of conduct of accepting cars for repair with their owners’ money and then failed to do the working, sometimes failing to even return the cars. Mr. Shellhouse was also found guilty of tampering with motor vehicle records, a felony of the third degree. Keith Shellhouse was sentenced to four years in jail for his actions.
When you are in searching for a restoration shop, do not go by advertisements and discussions with the shop alone. If you are considering sending your vehicle to a restoration shop the following items (at a minimum) should be considered:
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Visit the shop, in person (then visit another shop (or several) for comparisons)
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Speak with customers of the shop (current and past) (if the shop won’t give out customer’s names to speak with that is an immediate red flag)
- Demand a written restoration contract including a detailed scope of work, payment terms, set price or hourly estimates not to be exceeded without prior written change order authorizations signed by both the shop and you the owner. The contract should have a start date and a completion date. The contract should also require that the shop document the restoration with photographs (time-stamped, preferably) and provide them to you with written updates on a specific interval basis.
In the end having your car restored should be an enjoyable experience, not one wrought with fear that you will never see your car or money again. Most restoration shops are on the up and up and you will have nothing to worry about. Your best insurance however is a firm written car restoration contract.
Bryan W. Shook, Esquire is an attorney in Camp Hill, Pennsylvania who is not only a devoted automotive enthusiast, but is also an experience litigator who devotes a large portion of his law practice to helping collectors and hobbyists protect their automotive investments. Bryan Shook represents some of the most notable automotive restorers in the world and has been responsible for litigating and resolving some of the leading antique automobile cases in the United States. Attorney Shook is available to consult with you or your restoration shop concerning any aspect of automotive or Pennsylvania business law. If you own an old car restoration shop, are you in compliance with all of the consumer protection statutes, including the Pennsylvania Auto Industry Trade Regulations, the Lanham Act and the FTC regulations? If you have any questions regarding compliance or wish to have a restoration contract drafted or reviewed, please do not hesitate to contact Attorney Bryan W. Shook. Bryan Shook can be reached at his Office at 717-884-9010 or by email at bshook@shooklegal.com.
